Á¤Ä¡»ç»ó
Á¤Ä¡ÀÌ·Ð
Á¤Ä¡°úÁ¤
ºñ±³Á¤Ä¡
Çѱ¹Á¤Ä¡
±¹Á¦Á¤Ä¡
|
|
±¹¹®ÃÊ·Ï |
ÁÖ¿ä ¿ë¾î |
Abstract |
Key Words
¿ä ¾à ¹®
±¹¹®ÃÊ·Ï
ÀÌ ³í¹®Àº ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°èÀÇ ºÐ¼®Æ²À» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¦5°øȱ¹ÀÇ ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆÀ» ¿¬±¸ÇÑ ±ÛÀÌ´Ù. ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è´Â ±Ç·Â,
Àç·Â, ¸í¸ÁÀ» °¡Áø »ç¶÷ÀÌ ±×·¸Áö ¸øÇÑ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¹°ÁúÀû, Á¤½ÅÀû ÇýÅÃÀ» º£Ç®°í ±× ´ë°¡·Î ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ º¸´äÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ü°è·Î Á¤ÀǵȴÙ.
ÀÌ ³í¹®¿¡¼´Â À§ÀÇ ºÐ¼®Æ²¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© Á¦5°øȱ¹ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ÀθÆÀÌ º»Áú¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ÇϳªÈ¸ Áß½ÉÀÇ ±ººÎÀθÆÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç, ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆÀÌ
Á¤±ÇÀ» Àå¾ÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ³»Àû ¿äÀÎÀÌ ÇϳªÈ¸ ȸ¿øµé³¢¸® ¼·Î ¹Ð°í ´ç°Ü Áִ ȣÇýÀû °ü°è¿¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.
Á¤Ä¡ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ÈÄ°ßÀÎÀº ±Ç·Â¼¿»ó ´õ ¿ì¿ùÇÑ À§Ä¡¿¡¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» µû¸£´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô °¢Á¾ ¹è·Á¿Í ÇýÅÃÀ» º£Ç®°í ±× ´ë°¡·Î ÀÚ¹ßÀûÀÎ
Ã漺°ú ÁöÁö¸¦ ¾ò¾î ³»´Â »ç¶÷À¸·Î Á¤ÀǵȴÙ. Á¤Ä¡Àε鰣ÀÇ ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è´Â Á¤Ä¡ÁöµµÀÚ-Áß°£º¸½º-ÀϹÝÃßÁ¾ÀÚ·Î À̾îÁö´Â
º¹ÇÕÀûÀÎ Á¾Àû ÇǶó¹Ìµå ±¸Á¶¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇǶó¹Ìµå Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡´Â ÃÖ°íÁöµµÀÚ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ±×¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû °Å¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â
»ç¶÷µé·Î ¿©·¯ °³ÀÇ µ¿½É¿øÀÌ Çü¼ºµÇ¾î ÃÖ°íÁöµµÀÚ-Áß°£º¸½º-ÀϹÝÁ¤Ä¡ÀÎ-À¯±ÇÀÚ·Î À̾îÁö´Â °Å´ëÇÑ µ¿½É¿ø ±¸Á¶°¡ Çü¼ºµÈ´Ù.
ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è´Â Ç÷¿¬, Áö¿¬, Çп¬°ú °°Àº ÀüÅëÀû Àΰ£°ü°è¿¡ ±â¹ÝÀ» µÎ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ±Þ¼ÓÇÑ ±Ù´ëÈ¿Í »ê¾÷È ±×¸®°í ¹ÎÁÖÈ¿¡µµ
ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ¼Ò¸êµÇÁö ¾Ê°í ¿À·§µ¿¾È Áö¼ÓµÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î Àü¸ÁµÈ´Ù.
Çѱ¹ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ÀθƵµ ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÏ¿© Çü¼ºµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, °¡Àå ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ Á¦5°øȱ¹ÀÇ ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆÀÌ´Ù.
ÇϳªÈ¸´Â 1963³â ÀüµÎȯ, ³ëÅÂ¿ì µî À°»ç 11±â Á¹¾÷»ýµéÀÌ ÁÖÃàÀÌ µÇ¾î °á¼ºÇÑ ºñ¹Ð»çÁ¶Á÷À¸·Î¼, ¾Æ·¡·Î´Â Á¤±ÔÀ°»çÃâ½Å Àå±³µéÀÇ
¿¤¸®Æ® Àǽİú ¼±¹è Àå±³µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ¸¸¿¡ ±âÃÊÇÏ°í À§·Î´Â ¹ÚÁ¤Èñ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÇ ¹è·Á¿Í ÈÄ¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿© °ÇÑ °á¼Ó·ÂÀ» Áö´Ñ Á¶Á÷À¸·Î
¼ºÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÇϳªÈ¸ ȸ¿øµéÀº 1960-70³â´ë¿¡ °ÉÃÄ À±ÇÊ¿ë, Â÷Áöö µîÀÇ ÈÄ¿øÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ¼ºÀåÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ÀÚ±âµé³¢¸® ÁÖ ¿ä º¸Á÷À» ÁÖ°í¹Þ´Â
ÀÚ¸® ¹°¸®±â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î À°±ºº»ºÎ, °ø¼öƯÀü´Ü, ¼öµµ°æºñ»ç, º¸¾È»ç µîÀÇ ¿äÁ÷À» Àå¾ÇÇÏ°í, ±Ç·Â ÇǶó¹ÌµåÀÇ ±¸Á¶ º¯È°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¸¶´Ù
ÇÑ °ÉÀ½¾¿ ±Ç·ÂÀÇ Á¤»óÀ» ÇâÇØ ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°¬´Ù.
ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆÀº 1979-80³â ½Å±ººÎ ¼¼·ÂÀÌ Á¤Ä¡¹«´ë¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ °áÁ¤Àû ¿ªÇÒÀ» Çß´Ù. 12.12 Äíµ¥Å¸¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø
Àå±³µéÀÇ 3ºÐÀÇ 2°¡ ÇϳªÈ¸ ȸ¿øÀ̾úÀ¸¸ç, 80³â 5¿ù ±¤ÁÖ¿¡ ÅõÀÔµÈ °è¾ö±ºÀº ÀüµÎȯ, ³ëÅ¿ì, Á¤È£¿ë µî ÇϳªÈ¸ ȸ¿øµé³¢¸® ÀÚ¸®
¹°¸®±â¸¦ ÇØ ¿À´ø ´ëÇ¥Àû ºÎ´ëÀÎ °ø¼öƯÀü´ÜÀ̾ú´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±¹º¸À§ »óÀÓÀ§¿ø±Þ 52¸í Áß ±º Ãâ½ÅÀÌ 30¸íÀ¸·Î¼ 57%¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇߴµ¥,
ÀÌ Áß ÇϳªÈ¸ Ãâ½ÅÀÌ 9¸íÀ̾ú´Ù. ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆÀÇ À§¼¼´Â Á¦5°øȱ¹ÀÇ Ãâ¹ü°ú ´õºÒ¾î ÃÖ°íÁ¶¿¡ À̸£·¶´Ù. À̵éÀº Á¦5°øȱ¹ Á¤±ÇÇÏ¿¡¼
¼·Î ¹Ð°í ´ç°Ü ÁÖ´Â ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÏ°í, û¿Í´ë, ÇàÁ¤ºÎ, ±¹È¸ ¹× Á¤´ç, ±º, Á¤ºÎÅõÀÚ±â°ü, ±â¾÷ü, ¿¬±¸´Üü µî »çȸ
°¢°è·Î ÁøÃâÇÏ¿© »óÃþºÎ¿Í ¿äÁ÷À» Àå¾ÇÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±× °á°ú ±ººÎ¼¼·ÂÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ¹Î°£¼¼·ÂÀÌ °áÇÕÇÏ¿© ÀüµÎȯ-ÇϳªÈ¸-Á¤±ÔÀ°»çÃâ½Å-°ü·á-¹Î°£ÀÎÀÇ
±¸Á¶¸¦ °¡Áø °Å´ëÇÑ µ¿½É¿ø ±¸Á¶°¡ Çü¼ºµÇ¾ú´Ù.
ÀθÆÁ¤Ä¡´Â Á¤Ä¡ÁöµµÀÚ¿Í ±×¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ Àθƿ¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Á¤Ä¡Àû °áÁ¤ÀÌ ³»·ÁÁö°í Á¤Ä¡ÇàÀ§°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁö´Â Á¤Ä¡ÇàŶó°í Á¤ÀÇÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Á¦5°øȱ¹ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ÇàÅ´ ÇϳªÈ¸ Áß½ÉÀÇ ±ººÎÀθƿ¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀθÆÁ¤Ä¡¿´´Ù. ÀθÆÁ¤Ä¡´Â Á¤Ä¡Àε鰣ÀÇ À¯´ë°ü°è¸¦ °ø°íÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î
¸¸µé¾î ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á ¾ÈÁ¤µÈ Á¤Ä¡°øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ Çü¼º¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀθÆÁ¤Ä¡´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ¸Ó½Å, ÆĹú
µî°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¹ÎÁÖÀû ÀýÂ÷¿Í Á¦µµ¸¦ °æ½ÃÇÏ°í Áý´ÜÀ̱âÁÖÀÇ¿Í ºÎÁ¤ºÎÆи¦ ³º´Â ¿Â»óÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ´ÜÁ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÁÖ¿ä ¿ë¾î
ÈÄ°ßÀÎ-¼öÇýÀÚ °ü°è, Á¦5°øȱ¹, ÇϳªÈ¸ ÀθÆ, ÇǶó¹Ìµå ±¸Á¶, µ¿½É¿ø ±¸Á¶, Á¤±ÔÀ°»ç Ãâ½Å, ÀÚ¸® ¹°¸®±â, ÇϳªÈ¸ Áß½ÉÀÇ ±ººÎÀθÆ, ÀθÆÁ¤Ä¡
Abstract
This paper is a survey which analyzes the Hanahoe group in the fifth Republic of Korea by using the framework of patron-client
relationship. Patron-client relationship is defined as the relationship in which a person with political power, financial power,
or reputation bestows material and spiritual favors on a person without them and gains spontaneous rewards. In this paper we
assert that the political faction in the fifth Republic of Korea is essentially the military clique centering around the
Hanahoe and that the inner factor of the Hanahoe group's taking the reins of government can be found in the reciprocal
relationship of the Hanahoe members' helping each other.
Key Words
patron-client relationship, the fifth Republic of Korea, Hanahoe group, pyramid structure, concentric circle structure, handing
over the position, military clique centering around the Hanahoe, faction politics.
|
| Â÷·Ê | ´ÙÀ½ ¢º |
|